![]() ![]() Restricted range of motion can affect mobility and participation in sports and social activity. Foot and ankle pathology typically results in pain, reduced range of motion and reduced quality of life. However, outcomes of conservative treatment range widely, with as many as 74% of patients with ankle sprains experiencing symptoms up to 4 years post injury. Despite the high prevalence and potential severity of painful symptoms that follow the acute episode, ankle sprains are commonly regarded as benign injuries that will resolve quickly with limited treatment. Ankle sprains represent a common cause of ankle pain, accounting for between 3 and 5% of all Emergency Department visits in the UK, equating to approximately 5600 incidences per day. Foot and ankle pathology is not isolated to young athletes, with a recent systematic review revealing pooled prevalence estimates for frequent foot pain of 24% and for frequent ankle pain of 15%. Indeed, foot and ankle injuries are reported to represent over a quarter of musculoskeletal injuries in elite athletics. The ankle is a common site for musculoskeletal injury for both the general public and specific sporting populations. The results of the present study provide evidence to support the use of the D-Flex system as a valid, portable, and easy to use alternative to the weight-bearing lunge test when assessing ankle dorsiflexion ROM in healthy participants. For both the goniometer and inclinometer mean differences were higher, with values of 3.1° and 5.7° respectively. The Bland and Altman plots revealed a low mean observer difference for the D-Flex (mean difference = 0.7°), with the vast majority of data coincident within the 95% confidence intervals. The D-flex produced the highest inter- and intra-rater reliability (ICCs 0.76–0.95), compared to values of 0.55–0.85 and 0.32–0.71 for the goniometer and inclinometer, respectively. ResultsĪlthough significant correlations ( p < 0.05) were observed between devices, there were large mean differences in ankle range of motion values ranging from 4.3°-15.7°. Performance evaluation of each device and their reliability was assessed using intra-class correlation coefficients and Bland and Altman plots. Repeated measures were performed both between and within observers for each device over a 48 h period. MethodsĪ cohort of 20 healthy volunteers were recruited to measure the weight-bearing ankle range of motion using three assessment tools, namely, a goniometer, inclinometer and the D-Flex measurement devices. The present study was designed to assess reliability and validity of a new standardised method using a D-Flex device to assess ankle range of motion. Measurement of its functional range of motion is a primary indicator for rehabilitation outcomes in therapy settings. Performing the exercises 3 to 5 days a week will maintain strength and range of motion in your foot and ankle.The ankle joint is a common site of musculoskeletal pathology. After your recovery, these exercises can be continued as a maintenance program for lifelong protection and health of your feet and lower legs. Length of program: This foot and ankle conditioning program should be continued for 4 to 6 weeks, unless otherwise specified by your doctor or physical therapist. ![]() Peroneus brevis (outside of lower calf).Peroneus longus (outside of lower calf).Target Muscles: The muscle groups of the lower leg are targeted in this conditioning program, as well as the tendons and ligaments that control movement in your feet. Gently stretching after strengthening exercises can help reduce muscle soreness and aid in joint mobility and muscle health. Keeping these muscles strong can relieve foot and ankle pain, prevent further injury, and promote lower limb health and stability.įlexibility: Stretching the muscles that you strengthen is important for restoring range of motion and preventing injury. Strength: Strengthening the muscles that support your lower leg, foot, and ankle will help keep your ankle joint stable. Talk to your doctor or physical therapist about which exercises will best help you meet your rehabilitation goals. To ensure that the program is safe and effective for you, it should be performed under your doctor's supervision. This is a general conditioning program that provides a wide range of exercises. Following a well-structured conditioning program will also help you return to sports and other recreational activities. After an injury or surgery, an exercise conditioning program will help you return to daily activities and enjoy a more active, healthy lifestyle. ![]()
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